Korean Reading 300 - 008

Hi, everyone. This is the eighth lecture of Korean Reading 300.

All right, let’s start with the first sentence of this paragraph.

The first sentence is 말 한 마리를 가진 농부가 있었는데 어느 날 그 말이 매우 아팠다. There was a farmer who had a horse, and one day the horse was very sick. 말 is ‘a horse’, and 한 is ‘one’, and 마리 is the unit of counting animals, and 를 is the objective case, and 가진 came from 가지다, which means ‘to have’, and the letter, 다 is removed and the consonant, ㄴ is placed under 지 in order to modify the noun behind it, 농부, which means ‘a farmer’, so 말 한 마리를 가진, these four words are modifying the noun, 농부, which means ‘a farmer who had a horse’, right? And 있었는데 came from 있었다, which is the past tense form of 있다, which means ‘There is, or there are’, so 있었다 means ‘There was, or there were’, and the letter, 다 is replaced with 는데, which functions as an expression used to connect sentences or to change topics. And 어느 날 is ‘one day’, 어느 is ‘a certain’, and 날 is ‘day’, and 그 is ‘the’, and 말 is ‘a horse’, and 매우 is an adverb, which means ‘very’, and 아팠다 came from 아프다, which means ‘sick, or ill’, and the letter, 프 is replaced with 팠 in order to represents the past tense form, so 아팠다 is ‘was sick’, right? So, 말 한 마리를 가진 농부가 있었는데 어느 날 그 말이 매우 아팠다. There was a farmer who had a horse, and one day the horse was very sick.

 

The second sentence is 그 농부는 수의사를 불렀고 그 수의사는 농부의 농장에 와서 말을 진찰했다. The farmer called a veterinarian, and the veterinarian came to the farmer's farm and examined the horse. 그 농부 is ‘the farmer’, and 수의사 is ‘a veterinarian’, and 불렀고 came from 부르다, which means ‘to call’, and 불렀다 is its past tense form, so 불렀다 is ‘called’, right? And the letter, 다 is replaced with 고, and this 고 means ‘and’. And 그 수의사 is ‘the veterinarian’, and 는 is the subjective case. And 의 is a genitive case, and 농장 is ‘farm’, and 에 is the same as ‘to’ in English, so 농부의 농장 is ‘to the farmer’s farm’, right? And 와서 came from 오다, which means ‘to come’, but there is a connecting word, 아서, which means ‘and’, so when 오 and 아 is combined into the letter, 와, and this is how 오다 is changed into 와서. And 진찰했다 came from 진찰하다, which means ‘to examine’, and 했다 is the past tense form of 하다, so 진찰했다 is ‘examined’, right? So, 그 농부는 수의사를 불렀고 그 수의사는 농부의 농장에 와서 말을 진찰했다. The farmer called a veterinarian, and the veterinarian came to the farmer's farm and examined the horse.

 

The third sentence is 그가 “하루에 두 번 이 알약들을 한 알씩 그 말에게 주세요, 그러면 말이 곧 좋아질 거예요.”라고 말했다. He said, "Give the horse one of these pills twice a day, and then he'll soon get better." 그가 is ‘he’, and there begins a quotation mark, and 하루 is ‘a day’, and 에 is the same as ‘per’, and 두 is ‘two’, and 번 is ‘the number of times’, so 두 번 is ‘twice’, right? So, 하루에 두 번 is ‘twice a day’, and 이 is ‘this, or these’, and 알약 is ‘pill’, and 들 means plural, and 한 알 is ‘one pill’, and 씩 is a postposition indicating something that is divided or repeated by its quantity or size. 그 말 is ‘the horse’, and 에게 is a postposition as indirect object, that is to say, ‘dative case’, and 주세요 came from 주다, which means ‘to give’, and the letter, 다 is replaced with 세요 in order to make an imperative sentence. And 그러면 is ‘and then’, and 곧 is an adverb and its meaning is ‘soon’. And 좋아질 거예요 came from 좋아지다, which means ‘to get better’, and the letter, 다 is removed and ㄹ is placed under 지, and 거예요 is placed behind, which is the future tense predicate, so 좋아질 거예요 is ‘will get better’. And then the quotation mark is closed. And 라고 is a postposition indicating that the sentence in front of it is directly quoted. And 말했다 came from 말하다, which means ‘to say’, and 말했다 is the past tense form, so 말했다 is ‘said’, right? So, 그가 “하루에 두 번 이 알약들을 한 알씩 그 말에게 주세요, 그러면 말이 곧 좋아질 거예요.”라고 말했다. He said, "Give the horse one of these pills twice a day, and then he'll soon get better."

 

The fourth sentence is 농부는 “그러나 제 말은 먹지 않을 거예요. 그러면 어쩌죠?”라고 물었다. The farmer asked, "But my horse won't eat. Then what should I do?" 농부 is ‘farmer’, and 는 is the subjective case, and there begins the quotation mark. 그러나 is ‘but’, and 제 is shortened form of 저의, which means ‘my’, so 제 말 is ‘my horse’, and 먹지 않을 거예요 came from 먹지 않다, and 먹지 않다 is the negation form of 먹다, which means ‘to eat’. The letter, 다 is replaced with 지 않다 in order to make the negative predicate. So 먹지 않다 is ‘don’t eat’, and the letter, 다 is replaced with 을 거예요 in order to express the future tense predicate, so 먹지 않을 거예요 is ‘won’t eat’. And as I said at the previous sentence, 그러면 is ‘then’, and 어쩌죠? is an interrogative expression, ‘what should I do?’ And 라고 is also addressed at the previous sentence, and is a postposition indicating that the sentence in front of it is directly quoted. And 물었다 came from 묻다, which means ‘to ask’, and the consonant ㄷ under 무 is replaced with ㄹ and the letter, 었 is placed between 물 and 다, in order to make the past tense form, so 물었다 is ‘asked’, right? So, 농부는 “그러나 제 말은 먹지 않을 거예요. 그러면 어쩌죠?”라고 물었다. The farmer asked, "But my horse won't eat. Then what should I do?"

 

The fifth sentence is 수의사가 말했다, “튜브를 구하세요. 그 튜브 속에 알약을 넣고 말의 입에 튜브의 한 쪽 끝을 두고 나머지 한 쪽 끝을 당신의 입에 두세요. 그러고 나서 세게 부세요. 알약이 튜브 밖으로 튀어나가 말의 목구멍으로 들어갈 겁니다.” The veterinarian said, "Get a tube. Put a pill into the tube, and put one end of the tube in the horse's mouth, and the other end in your own. Then blow hard. The pill will shoot out of the tube and go down the horse's throat." 수의사가 말했다 is ‘The veterinarian said’, and there begins the quotation mark. And 튜브 is written as it sounds, and 를 is the objective case, and 구하세요 came from 구하다, which means ‘to get’, and the letter, 다 is replaced with 세요 in order to make an imperative sentence, so 튜브를 구하세요 is ‘Get a tube’, right? And 속에 is ‘into’, so 그 튜브 속에 is ‘into the tube’, and 알약 is ‘a pill’, and 넣고 came from 넣다, which means ‘put something in’, and the letter, 다 is replaced with 고, which means ‘and’. And the letter, 의 is ‘a genitive case’, and 입 is ‘mouth’, and 에 is the same as ‘in’ in English. And 의 is also ‘a genitive case’, and 한 is ‘one’, and 쪽 means the direction, or part, and 끝 is ‘the end’, so 튜브의 한 쪽 끝 is ‘one end of the tube’, and 두고 came from 두다, which means ‘to put, or place’, and the letter, 다 is replaced with 고, which means ‘and’. And 나머지 is actually ‘the rest’, but as you know there are only two ends in all the tubes, right? So, 나머지 한 쪽 끝 is ‘the other end’, right? And 당신 is ‘you’, and 당신의 is ‘your’, and 두세요 is an imperative expression of 두다, which means ‘to put’. So, 그 튜브 속에 알약을 넣고 말의 입에 튜브의 한 쪽 끝을 두고 나머지 한 쪽 끝을 당신의 입에 두세요 is ‘Put a pill into the tube, and put one end of the tube in the horse's mouth, and the other end in your own.’ And 그러고 나서 is ‘and then’, and 세게 is an adverb, and its meaning is ‘hard’, and 부세요 came from 불다, which means ‘to blow’, and 부세요 is also an imperative expression, so 세게 부세요 is ‘Blow hard’. And 밖으로 is ‘out of’, and 튀어나가 came from 튀어나가다, which means ‘to pop out, or shoot out’, and the letter, 다 can be replaced with 서, which means ‘and’, but this 서 can be omitted with the same meaning whether it is or not. And 말 is ‘horse’, and 의 is a genitive case, and 목구멍 is ‘throat’, and 으로 is ‘to, or into’, and 들어갈 겁니다 came from 들어가다, which means ‘to go into’, and the letter, 다 is removed, and the consonant, ㄹ is placed under 가, and 겁니다 is placed behind it in order to express the future tense predicate. So, 알약이 튜브 밖으로 튀어나가 말의 목구멍으로 들어갈 겁니다 is ‘The pill will shoot out of the tube and go down the horse's throat.’ So, 수의사가 말했다, “튜브를 구하세요. 그 튜브 속에 알약을 넣고 말의 입에 튜브의 한 쪽 끝을 두고 나머지 한 쪽 끝을 당신의 입에 두세요. 그러고 나서 세게 부세요. 알약이 튜브 밖으로 튀어나가 말의 목구멍으로 들어갈 겁니다.” The veterinarian said, "Get a tube. Put a pill into the tube, and put one end of the tube in the horse's mouth, and the other end in your own. Then blow hard. The pill will shoot out of the tube and go down the horse's throat."

 

The sixth sentence is 며칠 후에 농부가 수의사를 보러 갔고 그는 상당히 아파 보였다. A few days later the farmer went to see the veterinarian, and he looked really ill. 며칠 is ‘a few days’, and 후에 is ‘after, or later’, so 며칠 후에 is ‘after a few days’, or ‘a few days later’, and 농부가 is the subject since the letter, 가 is the subjective case, and 수의사를 is the object because the letter, 를 is the objective case, and 보러 갔고 came from 보러 가다, which means ‘to go to see’, and the double 시옷 under 가 represents the past tense, and 고 represents ‘and’. And 그는 is ‘he’, and 상당히 is ‘very, or really’, and 아파 보였다 is combined form of 아프다, and 보였다. 아프다 is an adjective, and its meaning is ‘sick, or ill’, and 보였다 came from 보이다, which means ‘look’, and 보였다 is the past tense form. And when these two words are combined, 아프다 is changed into 아파 with the result of removing the vowel of 프, and the consonant of 다. So, 상당히 아파 보였다 is ‘looked really ill’, right? So, 며칠 후에 농부가 수의사를 보러 갔고 그는 상당히 아파 보였다. A few days later the farmer went to see the veterinarian, and he looked really ill.

 

The seventh sentence is “아파 보이는군요. 무슨 일이 있나요?”라고 수의사가 물었다. The veterinarian asked, "You look sick. What's wrong with you?" As we learned at the previous sentence, 아파 보이다 is ‘look sick’, right? And when the letter, 다 is removed and 는군요 is placed behind it, 는군요 is a kind of predicate form, so 아파 보이는군요 is ‘You look sick’, right? And 무슨 일 is ‘what’, an interrogative pronoun, and 이 is the subjective case, and 있나요? is an interrogative predicate of there being something, so 무슨 일이 있나요? is ‘What’s wrong with you?’ And as we learned previously, 라고 수의사가 물었다 is ‘the veterinarian asked’. So, “아파 보이는군요. 무슨 일이 있나요?”라고 수의사가 물었다. The veterinarian asked, "You look sick. What's wrong with you?"

 

The eighth sentence is 농부가 말했다, “말이 먼저 불더군요. 그래서 제가 그 약을 삼켰어요.” The farmer said, "The horse blew first, so I swallowed the pill." 농부가 말했다 is ‘The farmer said’, right? 먼저 is an adverb, and its meaning is ‘first’, and 불더군요 came from 불다, which was at the fifth sentence, and its meaning is ‘to blow’, right? The letter, 다 is removed and 더군요 is placed behind it, which is also a kind of predicate. And 그래서 is ‘so, or therefore’, and 제가 is ‘I’, and 그 약 is ‘the pill’, and 삼켰어요 came from 삼키다, which means ‘to swallow’, and when 키 is replaced with 켰, 삼켰다 is the past tense form of 삼키다, and the letter, 다 is replaced with 어요, which is a kind of predicate form. So, 제가 그 약을 삼켰어요 is ‘I swallowed the pill’. So, 농부가 말했다, “말이 먼저 불더군요. 그래서 제가 그 약을 삼켰어요.” The farmer said, "The horse blew first, so I swallowed the pill."

 

All right, we gonna go over the whole paragraph. Are you ready? Here we go.

말 한 마리를 가진 농부가 있었는데 어느 날 그 말이 매우 아팠다. 그 농부는 수의사를 불렀고 그 수의사는 농부의 농장에 와서 말을 진찰했다. 그가 “하루에 두 번 이 알약들을 한 알씩 그 말에게 주세요, 그러면 말이 곧 좋아질 거예요.”라고 말했다. 농부는 “그러나 제 말은 먹지 않을 거예요. 그러면 어쩌죠?”라고 물었다. 수의사가 말했다, “튜브를 구하세요. 그 튜브 속에 알약을 넣고 말의 입에 튜브의 한 쪽 끝을 두고 나머지 한 쪽 끝을 당신의 입에 두세요. 그러고 나서 세게 부세요. 알약이 튜브 밖으로 튀어나가 말의 목구멍으로 들어갈 겁니다.” 며칠 후에 농부가 수의사를 보러 갔고 그는 상당히 아파 보였다. “아파 보이는군요. 무슨 일이 있나요?”라고 수의사가 물었다. 농부가 말했다, “말이 먼저 불더군요. 그래서 제가 그 약을 삼켰어요.”

There was a farmer who had a horse, and one day the horse was very sick. The farmer called a veterinarian, and the veterinarian came to the farmer's farm and examined the horse. He said, "Give the horse one of these pills twice a day, and then he'll soon get better." The farmer asked, "But my horse won't eat. Then what should I do?" The veterinarian said, "Get a tube. Put a pill into the tube, and put one end of the tube in the horse's mouth, and the other end in your own. Then blow hard. The pill will shoot out of the tube and go down the horse's throat." A few days later the farmer went to see the veterinarian, and he looked really ill. The veterinarian asked, "You look sick. What's wrong with you?" The farmer said, "The horse blew first, so I swallowed the pill."