K-Voca 10,000 Project-013[0241~0260]

All right, we gonna start from no. 241 to 260.

Number 241 is 모으다, 모이다[mo-eu-da, mo-i-da], which means ‘to gather’. Although English word, ‘gather’ is both transitive and intransitive verbs, its corresponding Korean word has two different forms, which means 모으다[mo-eu-da] is a transitive verb, so 모으다[mo-eu-da] needs an object, and 모이다[mo-i-da] is an intransitive verb, which means 모이다[mo-i-da] doesn’t need an object, right? The first sample sentence is 저는 많은 동전을 모았습니다.[jeo-neun man-eun dong-jeon-eul mo-at-seum-ni-da] I gathered many coins. 저는[jeo-neun] is ‘I’, and 많은[man-eun] is ‘many’, and 동전[dong-jeon] is ‘coin’, and 을[eul] is an objective case. And 모았습니다[mo-at-seum-ni-da] is the past tense form of 모으다[mo-eu-da]. So, 저는 많은 동전을 모았습니다.[jeo-neun man-eun dong-jeon-eul mo-at-seum-ni-da] I gathered many coins. And the second sample sentence is 많은 사람들이 광장에 모였습니다.[man-eun sa-ram-deul-i gwang-jang-e mo-yeot-seum-ni-da] Many people gathered in the square. 많은 사람들[man-eun sa-ram-deul] is ‘many people’, and 이[i] is the subjective case. And 광장[gwang-jang] is ‘square’, and 에[e] is ‘in’, so 광장에[gwang-jang-e] is ‘in the square’, and 모였습니다[mo-yeot-seum-ni-da] is the past tense form of 모이다[mo-i-da]. So, 많은 사람들이 광장에 모였습니다.[man-eun sa-ram-deul-i gwang-jang-e mo-yeot-seum-ni-da] Many people gathered in the square.

Number 242 is 원인이 되다[weon-in-i doi-da], which means ‘to cause’ 과로는 피로의 원인이 됩니다.[gwa-ro-neun pi-ro-eui weon-in-i doim-ni-da] Overwork causes fatigue. 과로[gwa-ro] is ‘overwork’, and 피로[pi-ro] is ‘fatigue’. 원인이 되다[weon-in-i doi-da] is changed into 원인이 됩니다[weon-in-i doim-ni-da]. This 됩니다[doim-ni-da] is a predicate form of 되다[doi-da]. So, 과로는 피로의 원인이 됩니다.[gwa-ro-neun pi-ro-eui weon-in-i doim-ni-da] Overwork causes fatigue.

Number 243 is 의지하다[eui-ji-ha-da], which means ‘to rely on’ 그는 괴로운 일이 있을 때 종교에 의지합니다.[geu-neun goi-ro-un il-i it-seul ddae jong-gyo-e eui-ji-ham-ni-da] He relies on religion when he has a hard time. 그는[geu-neun] is ‘he’, and 괴로운 일[goi-ro-un il] is ‘a hard time’, and 괴로운 일이 있을 때[goi-ro-un il-i it-seul ddae] is ‘when he has a hard time’, and 종교[jong-gyo] is ‘religion’. So, 그는 괴로운 일이 있을 때 종교에 의지합니다.[geu-neun goi-ro-un il-i it-seul ddae jong-gyo-e eui-ji-ham-ni-da] He relies on religion when he has a hard time.

Number 244 is 좌우되다, ~에 달려 있다[jwa-u-doi-da, e dal-ryeo it-da], which means ‘to depend on’ 안전한 패러글라이딩은 날씨에 좌우됩니다.[an-jeon-han pe-reo-gl-la-i-ding-eun nal-ssi-e jwa-u-doim-ni-da] Safe paragliding depends on the weather. 안전한[an-jeon-han] came from 안전하다[an-jeon-ha-da], which is an adjective, and its meaning is ‘safe’, and 하다[ha-da] is replaced with 한[han] in order to modify the noun behind it, 패러글라이딩(paragliding), which is written as it sounds in English, and 은[eun] is the subjective case. And 날씨[nal-ssi] is ‘weather’, and the letter, 에[e] is the same as ‘on’ in English. So, 안전한 패러글라이딩은 날씨에 좌우됩니다.[an-jeon-han pe-reo-gl-la-i-ding-eun nal-ssi-e jwa-u-doim-ni-da] Safe paragliding depends on the weather.

Number 245 is 강의하다[gang-eui-ha-da], which means ‘to give a lecture’ 그는 대학에서 강의합니다.[geu-neun dae-hak-e-seo gang-eui-ham-ni-da] He gives a lecture at a university. 그는[geu-neun] is ‘he’, and 대학[dae-hak] is ‘a university’, and 에서[e-seo] is a kind of postposition indicating a place, so 대학에서[dae-hak-e-seo] is ‘at a university’, right? And 강의합니다[gang-eui-ham-ni-da] is a predicate form of 강의하다[gang-eui-ha-da]. So, 그는 대학에서 강의합니다.[geu-neun dae-hak-e-seo gang-eui-ham-ni-da] He gives a lecture at a university.

Number 246 is 감탄하다,[gam-tan-ha-da] which means ‘to admire, or be amazed at’ 그녀가 아름다운 경치에 감탄하고 있습니다.[geu-nyeo-ga a-reum-da-un gyeong-chi-e gam-tan-ha-go it-seum-ni-da] She is admiring the beautiful scenery. 그녀가[geu-nyeo-ga] is ‘she’, and 아름다운[a-reum-da-un] came from 아름답다[a-reum-dab-da], which is an adjective and its meaning is ‘beautiful’. And 아름답다[a-reum-dab-da] is changed into 아름다운[a-reum-da-un] in order to modify the noun behind it, 경치[gyeong-chi], which means ‘scenery’, so 아름다운 경치[a-reum-da-un gyeong-chi] is ‘the beautiful scenery’, and 감탄하고 있습니다[gam-tan-ha-go it-seum-ni-da] is the present progressive form of 감탄하다[gam-tan-ha-da] . So, 그녀가 아름다운 경치에 감탄하고 있습니다.[geu-nyeo-ga a-reum-da-un gyeong-chi-e gam-tan-ha-go it-seum-ni-da] She is admiring the beautiful scenery.

Number 247 is 동경하다[dong-gyeong-ha-da], which means ‘to yearn for’ 그녀는 도시 생활을 동경합니다.[geu-nyeo-neun do-si saeng-hwal-eul dong-gyeong-ham-ni-da] She yearns for city life. 그녀는[geu-nyeo-neun] is ‘she’, and 도시[do-si] is ‘a city’, and 생활[saeng-hwal] is ‘life’, so 도시생활[do-si saeng-hwal] is ‘city life’, right? And 을[eul] is the objective case. And 동경합니다[dong-gyeong-ham-ni-da] is a predicate form of 동경하다[dong-gyeong-ha-da]. So, 그녀는 도시 생활을 동경합니다.[geu-nyeo-neun do-si saeng-hwal-eul dong-gyeong-ham-ni-da] She yearns for city life.

Number 248 is 도전하다[do-jeon-ha-da], which means ‘to challenge’ 그가 저에게 마라톤 시합으로 도전했습니다.[geu-ga jeo-e-ge ma-ra-ton si-hab-eu-ro do-jeon-haet-seum-ni-da] He challenged me to a marathon race. 그가[geu-ga] is ‘he’, and 저에게[jeo-e-ge] is ‘me’, and 마라톤(marathon) is written as it sounds in English word, ‘marathon’, and 시합[si-hab] is actually ‘a match’, but in this sentence, ‘a race’, so 마라톤 시합[ma-ra-ton si-hab] is ‘a marathon race’. And 도전했습니다[do-jeon-haet-seum-ni-da] is a past tense predicate form of 도전하다[do-jeon-ha-da]. So, 그가 저에게 마라톤 시합으로 도전했습니다.[geu-ga jeo-e-ge ma-ra-ton si-hab-eu-ro do-jeon-haet-seum-ni-da] He challenged me to a marathon race.

Number 249 is 매달다[mae-dal-da], which means ‘to hang up’ 그는 그의 아기를 위해 천장에 모빌을 매달았습니다.[geu-neun geu-eui a-gi-reul wui-hae cheon-jeong-e mo-bil-eul mae-dal-at-seum-ni-da] He hung a mobile from the ceiling for his baby. 그는[geu-neun] is ‘he’, and 그의[geu-eui] is ‘his’, and 아기[a-gi] is ‘a baby’, and 를 위해[reul wui-hae] is ‘for’ in English. And 천장[cheon-jeong] is ‘ceiling’, and 모빌(mobile) is written as it sounds in English. So, 그는 그의 아기를 위해 천장에 모빌을 매달았습니다.[geu-neun geu-eui a-gi-reul wui-hae cheon-jeong-e mo-bil-eul mae-dal-at-seum-ni-da] He hung a mobile from the ceiling for his baby.

Number 250 is 매달리다[mae-dal-ri-da], which means ‘to hang on, and beg’ This 매달리다[mae-dal-ri-da] has two different meanings. The first one is to hang on some wire physically, and the other has abstract meaning, which is to ask for, or beg’. All right, the first sample sentence is 토끼 인형이 빨랫줄에 매달려 있습니다.[to-ggi in-hyeong-i bbal-raet-jul-e mae-dal-ryeo it-seum-ni-da] A rabbit doll is hanging from the clothesline. 토끼[to-ggi] is ‘a rabbit’, and 인형[in-hyeong] is ‘a doll’, and 빨랫줄[bbal-raet-jul] is ‘clothesline’, and the letter, 에[e] is ‘from’ in English, so 빨랫줄에[bbal-raet-jul-e] is ‘from the clothesline’, and 매달려 있습니다[mae-dal-ryeo it-seum-ni-da] is a predicate form of 매달리다[mae-dal-ri-da]. So, 토끼 인형이 빨랫줄에 매달려 있습니다.[to-ggi in-hyeong-i bbal-raet-jul-e mae-dal-ryeo it-seum-ni-da] A rabbit doll is hanging from the clothesline. And the second sample sentence is 그녀가 그에게 가지 말라며 울며 매달리고 있습니다.[geu-nyeo-ga geu-e-ge ga-ji mal-ra-myeo ul-myeo mae-dal-ri-go it-seum-ni-da] She is crying and begging on him not to go. 그에게[geu-e-ge] is ‘on him’, and 가지 말라며[ga-ji mal-ra-myeo] is combined form of 가다[ga-da], and 말라며[mal-ra-myeo]. 가다[ga-da] is ‘to go’, and the letter, 다[da] is replaced with 지[ji], and 말라며[mal-ra-myeo] is the negation form of the verb, 가다[ga-da]. So, 가지 말라며[ga-ji mal-ra-myeo] is ‘not to go’. And 울며[ul-myeo] came from 울다[ul-da], which means ‘to cry’. But, you have to concentrate the letter, 며[myeo]. These two letters, 며[myeo] represents ‘and’. And 매달리고 있습니다[mae-dal-ri-go it-seum-ni-da] is the present progressive tense form of 매달리다[mae-dal-ri-da]. So, 그녀가 그에게 가지 말라며 울며 매달리고 있습니다.[geu-nyeo-ga geu-e-ge ga-ji mal-ra-myeo ul-myeo mae-dal-ri-go it-seum-ni-da] She is crying and begging on him not to go.

Number 251 is 극복하다[geuk-bok-ha-da], which means ‘to overcome, or get over’ 그가 모든 어려움을 극복하고 드디어 해냈습니다.[geu-ga mo-deun eo-ryeo-um-eul geuk-bok-ha-go deu-di-eo hae-naet-seum-ni-da] He overcame all the difficulties and finally made it. 그가[geu-ga] is ‘he’, and 모든[mo-deun] is ‘all’, and 어려움[eo-ryeo-um] is ‘difficulty’, and 모든 어려움[mo-deun eo-ryeo-um] is ‘all the difficulties’, and 을[eul] the objective case. And 극복하다[geuk-bok-ha-da] is changed into 극복하고[geuk-bok-ha-go] because the letter, 고[go] represents ‘and’. And 드디어[deu-di-eo] is ‘finally’, and 해냈습니다[hae-naet-seum-ni-da] is the past tense form of 해내다[hae-nae-da], which means ‘to make it’. So, 그가 모든 어려움을 극복하고 드디어 해냈습니다.[geu-ga mo-deun eo-ryeo-um-eul geuk-bok-ha-go deu-di-eo hae-naet-seum-ni-da] He overcame all the difficulties and finally made it.

Number 252 is 바라다[ba-ra-da], which means ‘to hope, or desire’ 저는 당신의 사업이 성공하기를 바랍니다.[jeo-neun dang-sin-eui sa-eob-i seong-gong-ha-gi-reul ba-ram-ni-da] I hope your business will succeed. 저는[jeo-neun] is ‘I’, and 당신의[dang-sin-eui] is the genitive case of 당신[dang-sin], so ‘your’. 사업[sa-eob] is ‘business’, and 성공하다[seong-gong-ha-da] is changed into 성공하기[seong-gong-ha-gi] in order to make a noun form of the verb, which means ‘to succeed’, and 를[reul] is the objective case. And 바랍니다[ba-ram-ni-da] is a predicate of the verb, 바라다[ba-ra-da]. So, 저는 당신의 사업이 성공하기를 바랍니다.[jeo-neun dang-sin-eui sa-eob-i seong-gong-ha-gi-reul ba-ram-ni-da] I hope your business will succeed.

Number 253 is 구하다[gu-ha-da], which means ‘to save, and seek’. The first meaning is ‘to save someone in trouble, or dangerous situation’. 그가 오늘 물에 빠진 한 사람을 구했습니다.[geu-ga o-neul mul-e bba-jin han sa-ram-eul gu-haet-seum-ni-da] He saved a drowning man today. 그가[geu-ga] is ‘he’, and 오늘[o-neul] is ‘today’, and 물에 빠진[mul-e bba-jin] came from 물에 빠지다[mul-e bba-ji-da], which means ‘to drown’, and 한 사람[han sa-ram] is ‘a man’, so 물에 빠진 한 사람[mul-e bba-jin han sa-ram] is ‘a drowning man’, and 구했습니다[gu-haet-seum-ni-da] is the past tense form of 구하다[gu-ha-da]. So, 그가 오늘 물에 빠진 한 사람을 구했습니다.[geu-ga o-neul mul-e bba-jin han sa-ram-eul gu-haet-seum-ni-da] He saved a drowning man today. And the second meaning is ‘to seek, or look for’. 많은 사람들이 직장을 구하고 있습니다.[man-eun sa-ram-deul-i jik-jang-eul gu-ha-go it-seum-ni-da] Many people are looking for a job. 많은[man-eun] is ‘many, or much’, and 사람들[sa-ram-deul] is ‘people’, and 직장[jik-jang] is ‘a job’, and 구하고 있습니다[gu-ha-go it-seum-ni-da] is the present progressive form of 구하다[gu-ha-da]. So, 많은 사람들이 직장을 구하고 있습니다.[man-eun sa-ram-deul-i jik-jang-eul gu-ha-go it-seum-ni-da] Many people are looking for a job.

Number 254 is 동의하다, 찬성하다[dong-eui-ha-da, chan-seong-ha-da], which means ‘to agree’ 저는 당신의 의견에 동의합니다.[jeo-neun dang-sin-eui eui-gyeon-e dong-eui-ham-ni-da] I agree with you. 의견[eui-gyeon] is ‘opinion’, and 의견에 동의하다[eui-gyeon-e dong-eui-ha-da] is the same as agree with somebody. And 동의합니다[dong-eui-ham-ni-da] is a predicate form of 동의하다[dong-eui-ha-da]. So, 저는 당신의 의견에 동의합니다.[jeo-neun dang-sin-eui eui-gyeon-e dong-eui-ham-ni-da] I agree with you.

Number 255 is 반대하다[ban-dae-ha-da], which means ‘to object to’ 그는 당신의 의견에 반대합니다.[geu-neun dang-sin-eui eui-gyeon-e ban-dae-ham-ni-da] He objects to your opinion. 반대합니다[ban-dae-ham-ni-da] is a predicate form of 반대하다[ban-dae-ha-da]. So, 그는 당신의 의견에 반대합니다.[geu-neun dang-sin-eui eui-gyeon-e ban-dae-ham-ni-da] He objects to your opinion.

Number 256 is 되돌아오다[doi-dol-a-o-da], which means ‘to return’ 잠시 후에 되돌아오겠습니다.[jam-si hu-e doi-dol-a-o-get-seum-ni-da] I’ll be back in a minute. 잠시[jam-si] is ‘for a moment’, and 후에[hu-e] is ‘after’, so 잠시 후에[jam-si hu-e] is ‘in a minute’. 되돌아오겠습니다[doi-dol-a-o-get-seum-ni-da] is the future tense form of 되돌아오다[doi-dol-a-o-da]. So, 잠시 후에 되돌아오겠습니다.[jam-si hu-e doi-dol-a-o-get-seum-ni-da] I’ll be back in a minute.

Number 257 is 비교하다[bi-gyo-ha-da], which means ‘to compare’ 이 저울로 무게를 비교할 수 있습니다.[i jeo-ul-ro mu-ge-reul bi-gyo-hal su it-seum-ni-da] You can compare weights on this scale. 이[i] is ‘this’, and 저울[jeo-ul] is ‘a scale’, and the letter, 로[ro] is a kind of postposition indicating means to do, so 이 저울로[i jeo-ul-ro] is ‘on this scale’. 무게[mu-g] is ‘weight’, and 를[reul] is the objective case. And 비교할 수 있습니다[bi-gyo-hal su it-seum-ni-da] is ‘can compare’. So, 이 저울로 무게를 비교할 수 있습니다.[i jeo-ul-ro mu-ge-reul bi-gyo-hal su it-seum-ni-da] You can compare weights on this scale.

Number 258 is 허락하다[heo-rak-ha-da], which means ‘to allow’ 저의 부모님은 제가 클럽에 가는 것을 허락하지 않습니다.[jeo-eui bu-mo-nim-eun je-ga keul-reob-e ga-neun geo-seul heo-rak-ha-ji an-seum-ni-da] My parents don't allow me to go to the club. 저의[jeo-eui] is ‘my’, and 부모님[bu-mo-nim] is ‘parents’, and 가는 것[ga-neun geot] is the noun form of 가다[ga-da], which means ‘to go’. And 허락하지 않습니다[heo-rak-ha-ji an-seum-ni-da] is the negation form of 허락하다[heo-rak-ha-da], so ‘don’t allow’. So, 저의 부모님은 제가 클럽에 가는 것을 허락하지 않습니다.[jeo-eui bu-mo-nim-eun je-ga keul-reob-e ga-neun geo-seul heo-rak-ha-ji an-seum-ni-da] My parents don't allow me to go to the club.

Number 259 is 구성하다[gu-seong-ha-da], which means ‘to make up, or compose’ 자동차는 많은 부품들로 구성되어 있습니다.[ja-dong-cha-neun man-eun bu-pum-deul-ro gu-seong-doi-eo it-seum-ni-da] Cars are made up of many parts. 자동차[ja-dong-cha] is ‘car’, and 많은 is ‘many’, and 부품[bu-pum] is ‘a part’, and the letter, 들[deul] means plural. And 구성되어 있습니다[gu-seong-doi-eo it-seum-ni-da] is a predicate form of 구성되다[gu-seong-doi-da], which is the passive form of 구성하다[gu-seong-ha-da]. So, 구성하다[gu-seong-ha-da] is ‘to make up’, and 구성되다[gu-seong-doi-da] is ‘to be made up’. So, 자동차는 많은 부품들로 구성되어 있습니다.[ja-dong-cha-neun man-eun bu-pum-deul-ro gu-seong-doi-eo it-seum-ni-da] Cars are made up of many parts.

Number 260 is 작곡하다[jak-gok-ha-da], which means ‘to compose a song’ 저는 오늘 새로운 노래를 작곡했습니다.[jeo-neun o-neul sae-ro-un no-rae-reul jak-gok-haet-seum-ni-da] I composed a new song today. 오늘[o-neul] is ‘today’, and 새로운[sae-ro-un] is ‘new’, and 노래[no-rae] is ‘a song’, and 작곡했습니다[jak-gok-haet-seum-ni-da] is the past tense predicate form of 작곡하다[jak-gok-ha-da]. So, 저는 오늘 새로운 노래를 작곡했습니다.[jeo-neun o-neul sae-ro-un no-rae-reul jak-gok-haet-seum-ni-da] I composed a new song today.

OK, we have finished, as I told you, you’d better watch this video at least three times. OK, let’s call it a day. I’ll see you next time, bye.