K-Voca 10,000 Project-009[0161~0180]

All right, we gonna start from no. 161 to 180.

No. 161 is 혼란스러워하다[hon-ran-seu-reo-weo-ha-da], which means to be confused. 그 아이는 어느 방향으로 가야할지 혼란스러워하고 있습니다[geu a-i-neun eo-neu bang-hyang-eu-ro ga-ya-hal-ji hon-ran-seu-reo-weo-ha-go it-seum-ni-da]. The child is confused about which direction to go. 그[geu] is ‘the’, 아이[a-i] is ‘child’, and 는[neun] is the subjective case. 어느[eo-neu] is interrogative adjective, and its meaning is ‘which’, and 방향[bang-hyang] is ‘direction’, so 어느 방향[eo-neu bang-hyang] is ‘which direction’, and 으로[eu-ro] is the same as ‘to’, and 가야할지[ga-ya-hal-ji] came from 가다[ga-da], which means ‘to go’, and the reason why 가다[ga-da] is changed into 가야할지[ga-ya-hal-ji] is this is used to make a noun form. In short, 어느 방향으로 가야할지[eo-neu bang-hyang-eu-ro ga-ya-hal-ji] is ‘which direction to go’. And 혼란스러워하고 있습니다[hon-ran-seu-reo-weo-ha-go it-seum-ni-da] is ‘is confused’. So, 그 아이는 어느 방향으로 가야할지 혼란스러워하고 있습니다[geu a-i-neun eo-neu bang-hyang-eu-ro ga-ya-hal-ji hon-ran-seu-reo-weo-ha-go it-seum-ni-da]. The child is confused about which direction to go.

No. 162 is 임명하다[im-myeong-ha-da], which means to appoint. 그는 시장으로 임명되었습니다[geu-neun si-jang-eu-ro im-myeong-doi-eot-seum-ni-da]. He was appointed mayor. 그는[geu-neun] is ‘he’, and 시장[si-jang] has two meanings, the one is ‘a market’, and the other is ‘mayor’, and in this sentence, 시장[si-jang] is ‘mayor’, and 으로 is ‘as’, and 임명하다[im-myeong-ha-da] is changed into 임명되다[im-myeong-doi-da], which means the passive expression, ‘being appointed’, and 임명되었습니다[im-myeong-doi-eot-seum-ni-da] is the past tense form of 임명되다[im-myeong-doi-da]. So, 그는 시장으로 임명되었습니다[geu-neun si-jang-eu-ro im-myeong-doi-eot-seum-ni-da]. He was appointed mayor.

No. 163 is 늦추다[neut-chu-da], which means to slow down. 좁은 도로에서는 속도를 늦춰야합니다[job-eun do-ro-e-seo-neun sok-do-reul neut-chweo-ya-ham-ni-da]. You have to slow down on a narrow road. 좁은[job-eun] is an adjective, and its meaning is ‘narrow’, and 도로[do-ro] is ‘road’, so 좁은 도로[job-eun do-ro] is ‘a narrow road’, right? And 에서는[e-seo-neun] is used as indicating the place, so its meaning is ‘at, on, or in’. And 속도[sok-do] is actually ‘velocity’, and 늦추다[neut-chu-da] is ‘slow down’, so 속도를 늦추다[sok-do-reul neut-chu-da] is also ‘to slow down’, right? And 늦춰야합니다[neut-chweo-ya-ham-ni-da] is a kind of imperative expression, so ‘you have to slow down’. So, 좁은 도로에서는 속도를 늦춰야합니다[job-eun do-ro-e-seo-neun sok-do-reul neut-chweo-ya-ham-ni-da]. You have to slow down on a narrow road.

No. 164 is 지체되다, 지체시키다[ji-che-doi-da, ji-che-si-ki-da], which means to delay. 비행 출발시각이 지체되었습니다[bi-haeng chul-bal-si-gak-i ji-che-doi-eot-seum-ni-da]. Flight departure time has been delayed. 비행[bi-haeng] is ‘flight’, and 출발[chul-bal] is ‘departure’, and 시각[si-gak] is ‘time’, so 비행 출발시각[bi-haeng chul-bal-si-gak] is ‘flight departure time’, and 이 is the subjective case. 지체되었습니다[ji-che-doi-eot-seum-ni-da] is the past tense and the present perfect tense form. So, 비행 출발시각이 지체되었습니다[bi-haeng chul-bal-si-gak-i ji-che-doi-eot-seum-ni-da]. Flight departure time has been delayed.

No. 165 is 질문하다, 묻다[jil-mun-ha-da, mut-da], which means to ask. 한 학생이 수업시간에 질문하고 있습니다[han hak-saeng-i su-eop-si-gan-e jil-mun-ha-go it-seum-ni-da]. A student is asking a question in class. 한[han] is ‘one’, and 학생[hak-saeng] is ‘student’, and 이 is the subjective case. 수업[su-eop] is ‘class’, and 시간[si-gan] is ‘time’, and 에 is the same as ‘in’. And 질문하다[jil-mun-ha-da] is to ask a question. So, 한 학생이 수업시간에 질문하고 있습니다[han hak-saeng-i su-eop-si-gan-e jil-mun-ha-go it-seum-ni-da]. A student is asking a question in class.

No. 166 is 매장하다, 묻다[mae-jang-ha-da, mut-da], which means to bury. As you can see, we learned the previous word, 질문하다[jil-mun-ha-da] is the same as 묻다[mut-da], which means ‘to ask’. And 매장하다[mae-jang-ha-da] is also the same as 묻다[mut-da], so 묻다[mut-da] is a homonym, and has two meanings, ‘to ask’, and ‘to bury’. 무덤은 사망한 사람을 매장한 장소입니다[mu-deom-eun sa-mang-han sa-ram-eul mae-jang-han jang-so-im-ni-da]. The tomb is the site of the burial of the dead. 무덤[mu-deom] is ‘tomb’, and 은 is the subjective case. 사망한[sa-mang-han] came from 사망하다[sa-mang-ha-da], which means ‘to die’, but 하다[ha-da] is replaced with 한[han] in order to make an adjective modifying the noun behind, which is 사람[sa-ram], which means ‘man, or person’, so 사망한 사람[sa-mang-han sa-ram] is ‘the dead’, right? And 을[eul] is the objective case, and 장소[jang-so] is ‘the place’, and 입니다[im-ni-da] is a predicate. So, 무덤은 사망한 사람을 매장한 장소입니다[mu-deom-eun sa-mang-han sa-ram-eul mae-jang-han jang-so-im-ni-da]. The tomb is the site of the burial of the dead.

No. 167 is 불평하다[bul-pyeong-ha-da], which means to complain. 그녀는 자주 불평합니다[geu-nyeo-neun ja-ju bul-pyeong-ham-ni-da]. She often complains. 그녀[geu-nyeo] is ‘she’, and 는[neun] is the subjective case. And 자주[ja-ju] is an adverb, and its meaning is ‘often’, and 불평하다[bul-pyeong-ha-da] is ‘to complain’. So, 그녀는 자주 불평합니다[geu-nyeo-neun ja-ju bul-pyeong-ham-ni-da]. She often complains.

No. 168 is 여기다, 간주하다[yeo-gi-da, gan-ju-ha-da], which means to consider. 우리는 그를 좋은 의사라고 여깁니다[u-ri-neun geu-reul jo-eun eui-sa-ra-go yeo-gim-ni-da]. We consider him a good doctor. 우리[u-ri] is ‘we’, and 그[geu] is ‘he’, and 를[reul] is the objective case, so 그를[geu-reul] is ‘him’, right? 좋은[jo-eun] is an adjective, and its meaning is ‘good’, and 좋은[jo-eun] modifies the noun behind it, 의사[eui-sa], which means ‘a doctor’, so 좋은 의사[jo-eun eui-sa] is ‘a good doctor’, right? And the postposition, 라고[ra-go] is ‘as’ in English. And 여깁니다[yeo-gim-ni-da] is the predicate form of 여기다[yeo-gi-da], which means ‘to consider’. So, 우리는 그를 좋은 의사라고 여깁니다[u-ri-neun geu-reul jo-eun eui-sa-ra-go yeo-gim-ni-da]. We consider him a good doctor.

No. 169 is 표현하다[pyo-hyeon-ha-da], which means to express. 사람들은 얼굴표정으로 감정을 표현합니다[sa-ram-deul-eun eol-gul-pyo-jeong-eu-ro gam-jeong-eul pyo-hyeon-ham-ni-da]. People express emotions with facial expressions. As I said 사람[sa-ram] is ‘man, or person’, and 들[deul] means plural, so 사람들[sa-ram-deul] is ‘people’, and 은[eun] is the subjective case. 얼굴[eol-gul] is ‘face’, and 표정[pyo-jeong] is ‘expression’, and 으로[eu-ro] is ‘with’, so 얼굴표정으로[eol-gul-pyo-jeong-eu-ro] is ‘with facial expressions’, right? And 감정[gam-jeong] is ‘emotion’, and 을 is the objective case. And 표현합니다[pyo-hyeon-ham-ni-da] is the predicate form of 표현하다[pyo-hyeon-ha-da], which means ‘to express’. So, 사람들은 얼굴표정으로 감정을 표현합니다[sa-ram-deul-eun eol-gul-pyo-jeong-eu-ro gam-jeong-eul pyo-hyeon-ham-ni-da]. People express emotions with facial expressions.

No. 170 is 묘사하다[myo-sa-ha-da], which means to describe. 이 사진은 자유를 묘사하고 있습니다[i sa-jin-eun ja-yu-reul myo-sa-ha-go it-seum-ni-da]. This picture describes freedom. 이[i] is ‘this’, and 사진[sa-jin] is ‘picture’, and 은[eun] is the subjective case. And 자유[ja-yu] is ‘freedom’, and 를[reul] is the objective case. So, 이 사진은 자유를 묘사하고 있습니다[i sa-jin-eun ja-yu-reul myo-sa-ha-go it-seum-ni-da]. This picture describes freedom.

No. 171 is 교환하다[gyo-hwan-ha-da], which means to exchange. 우리는 SNS로 의견을 교환합니다[u-ri-neun SNS-ro eui-gyeon-eul gyo-hwan-ham-ni-da]. We exchange opinions on SNS. 우리는[u-ri-neun] is ‘we’, and 로[ro] is a postposition indicating the means of doing something. And 의견[eui-gyeon] is ‘opinion’, and 을[eul] is the objective case. So, 우리는 SNS로 의견을 교환합니다[u-ri-neun SNS-ro eui-gyeon-eul gyo-hwan-ham-ni-da]. We exchange opinions on SNS.

No. 172 is 환전하다[hwan-jeon-ha-da], which means to exchange money. 저는 이 돈을 환전해야 합니다[jeo-neun i don-eul hwan-jeon-hae-ya ham-ni-da]. I have to exchange this money. 저는[jeo-neun] is ‘I’, and 이[i] is ‘this’, and 돈[don] is ‘money’, and 을[eul] is the objective case. And 해야 합니다[hae-ya ham-ni-da] is ‘must, or have to’, so 환전해야 합니다[hwan-jeon-hae-ya ham-ni-da] is ‘have to exchange’. So, 저는 이 돈을 환전해야 합니다[jeo-neun i don-eul hwan-jeon-hae-ya ham-ni-da]. I have to exchange this money.

No. 173 is 인정하다[in-jeong-ha-da], which means to acknowledge. 우리는 그 소녀를 수학의 천재로 인정합니다[u-ri-neun geu so-nyeo-reul su-hak-eui cheon-jae-ro in-jeong-ham-ni-da]. We acknowledge the girl as a genius in mathematics. 우리는[u-ri-neun] is ‘we’, and 그[geu] is ‘the’, and 소녀[so-nyeo] is ‘a girl’, and 를[reul] is the objective case. 수학[su-hak] is ‘mathematics’, and 의[eui] is actually a genitive case, but this letter is also used to modify the noun behind. By the way, 천재[cheon-jae] is ‘a genius’, so 수학의 천재[su-hak-eui cheon-jae] is ‘a genius in mathematics’, and the letter 로[ro] is ‘as’ in English. 인정합니다[in-jeong-ham-ni-da] is the predicate form of 인정하다[in-jeong-ha-da], which means ‘to acknowledge’. So, 우리는 그 소녀를 수학의 천재로 인정합니다[u-ri-neun geu so-nyeo-reul su-hak-eui cheon-jae-ro in-jeong-ham-ni-da]. We acknowledge the girl as a genius in mathematics.

No. 174 is 흐르다[heu-reu-da], which means to flow. 이 강은 남쪽으로 흐릅니다[i gang-eun nam-jjok-eu-ro heu-reum-ni-da]. This river flows south. 이[i] is ‘this’, and 강[gang] is ‘river’, and 은[eun] is the subjective case. 남쪽[nam-jjok] is ‘south’, and 으로[eu-ro] is the same as ‘to’ in English, so 남쪽으로[nam-jjok-eu-ro] is ‘to the south’, and 흐릅니다[heu-reum-ni-da] is the predicate form of 흐르다[heu-reu-da], which means ‘to flow’. So, 이 강은 남쪽으로 흐릅니다[i gang-eun nam-jjok-eu-ro heu-reum-ni-da]. This river flows south.

No. 175 is 함께하다[ham-gge-ha-da], which means to be together. 영원히 당신과 함께하고 싶어요[yeong-weon-hi dang-sin-gwa ham-gge-ha-go sip-eo-yo]. I want to be with you forever. 영원히[yeong-weon-hi] is an adverb, and its meaning is ‘forever’, and 당신[dang-sin] is ‘you’, and 과[gwa] is the postposition meaning ‘with’. And 함께하다[ham-gge-ha-da] is ‘to be together’, and 함께하고 싶어요[ham-gge-ha-go sip-eo-yo] is ‘want to be together’. So, 영원히 당신과 함께하고 싶어요[yeong-weon-hi dang-sin-gwa ham-gge-ha-go sip-eo-yo]. I want to be with you forever.

No. 176 is 공유하다[gong-yu-ha-da], which means to share. 우리는 인터넷으로 많은 자료를 공유합니다[u-ri-neun in-teo-net-seu-ro man-eun ja-ryo-reul gong-yu-ham-ni-da]. We share a lot of data on the Internet. 우리는[u-ri-neun] is ‘we’, and 인터넷[in-teo-net] is written as it sounds, and 으로[eu-ro] is a postposition indicating means. And 많은[man-eun] is ‘many, or much’, and 자료[ja-ryo] is ‘data’, so 많은 자료[man-eun ja-ryo] is ‘a lot of data’, right? So, 우리는 인터넷으로 많은 자료를 공유합니다[u-ri-neun in-teo-net-seu-ro man-eun ja-ryo-reul gong-yu-ham-ni-da]. We share a lot of data on the Internet.

No. 177 is 경쟁하다[gyeong-jaeng-ha-da], which means to compete. 선수들이 누가 가장 빠른지 경쟁하고 있습니다[seon-su-deul-i nu-ga ga-jang bba-reun-ji gyeon-jaeng-ha-go it-seum-ni-da]. The players are competing to see who is the fastest. 선수[seon-su] is ‘a player’, and the letter, 들[deul] means plural, and 이[i] is the subjective case. 누가[nu-ga] is an interrogative pronoun, ‘who’, and 가장[ga-jang] is the superlative expression, and 빠른[bba-reun] is ‘fast’, so 가장 빠른[bba-reun] is ‘the fastest’, right? And the letter 지[ji] is used to make a noun clause, so 누가 가장 빠른지[nu-ga ga-jang bba-reun-ji] is a noun clause, ‘who is the fastest’. And 경쟁하고 있습니다[gyeon-jaeng-ha-go it-seum-ni-da] is the present progressive form of 경쟁하다[gyeong-jaeng-ha-da], which means ‘to compete’. So, 선수들이 누가 가장 빠른지 경쟁하고 있습니다[seon-su-deul-i nu-ga ga-jang bba-reun-ji gyeon-jaeng-ha-go it-seum-ni-da]. The players are competing to see who is the fastest.

No. 178 is 봉사하다[bong-sa-ha-da], which means to serve, or do a volunteer work. 저는 사회를 위해 봉사하고 싶습니다[jeo-neun sa-hwoi-reul wui-hae bong-sa-ha-go sip-seum-ni-da]. I want to serve the society. 저는[jeo-neun] is ‘I’, and 사회[sa-hwoi] is ‘society’, and 를 위해[reul wui-hae] is ‘for the sake of’, and 봉사하다[bong-sa-ha-da] is changed into 봉사하고 싶습니다[bong-sa-ha-go sip-seum-ni-da]. 고 싶습니다[go sip-seum-ni-da] is the same as ‘want to do’. So, 저는 사회를 위해 봉사하고 싶습니다[jeo-neun sa-hwoi-reul wui-hae bong-sa-ha-go sip-seum-ni-da]. I want to serve the society.

No. 179 is 시중들다[si-jung-deul-da], which means to attend to. 그녀는 환자에게 시중들고 있습니다[geu-nyeo-neun hwan-ja-e-ge si-jung-deul-go it-seum-ni-da]. She is attending to the patient. 그녀[geu-nyeo] is ‘she’, and 는[neun] is the subjective case. And 환자[hwan-ja] is ‘a patient’, and 에게[e-ge] is ‘to’, and 시중들고 있습니다[si-jung-deul-go it-seum-ni-da] is the present progressive form of 시중들다[si-jung-deul-da], which means ‘to attend to’. So, 그녀는 환자에게 시중들고 있습니다[geu-nyeo-neun hwan-ja-e-ge si-jung-deul-go it-seum-ni-da]. She is attending to the patient.

No. 180 is 거들다[geo-deul-da], which means to lend a hand. 그 어린 소녀는 엄마가 집안 청소하는 것을 거들고 있습니다[geu eo-rin so-nyeo-neun eom-ma-ga jib-an cheong-so-ha-neun geot-seul geo-deul-go it-seum-ni-da]. The little girl is helping her mother clean the house. 그[geu] is ‘the’, and 어린[eo-rin] is ‘young, or little’, and 소녀[so-nyeo] is ‘a girl’, and 는[neun] is the subjective case. 엄마[eom-ma] is ‘mother’, and 집안 청소하다[jib-an cheong-so-ha-da] is ‘to clean the house’, but 집안 청소하는 것[jib-an cheong-so-ha-neun geot] is a noun phrase form of 집안 청소하다[jib-an cheong-so-ha-da], and this is the object of 거들고 있습니다[geo-deul-go it-seum-ni-da]. So, 그 어린 소녀는 엄마가 집안 청소하는 것을 거들고 있습니다[geu eo-rin so-nyeo-neun eom-ma-ga jib-an cheong-so-ha-neun geot-seul geo-deul-go it-seum-ni-da]. The little girl is helping her mother clean the house.

OK, we have finished, as I told you, you’d better watch this video at least three times. OK, let’s call it a day. I’ll see you next time.